Foaming properties go hand in hand with aesthetics and functionality, depending on the market. These properties are manipulated by manufacturers and formulators to achieve a specific goal from cleansing to mineral collection. These manipulations are typically achieved through surfactant chemistry. However, water chemistry is a variable that is not always put at the forefront when formulating for foam. Surfactants will respond differently to the pH, ionic strength, specific ions, or total suspended solids in the water matrix. This article studies the effect of foaming properties such as foam height, bubble count, and foam stability of three surfactants (Mod APG, SLES, and sulfosuccinamate) in different water chemistries (deionized, tap, salt, hard, and mining water). Mod APG has been proven to be a good foamer with a high tolerance to varying water chemistry.
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Cited:
Lucas R. Moore, Zechariah Avello, Jonathan Hardy
Novel APG Surfactant that Offers Robustness in Foam Properties to Varying Water Chemistries. Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering (2025)
